What is Energy?

• Energy is the ability or capacity to do work

  • Work is the process of moving an object

• Energy is the ability or capacity to move an object

Energy Transformations

• Energy can be transformed from one type to another

• You can transfer energy from one object to another by doing work

• Work-Energy Theorem

  • Work done on a system by an external force changes the energy of the system

Kinetic Energy

• Kinetic Energy is energy of motion

  • The ability or capacity of a moving object to move another object

• 

Potential Energy

• Potential Energy (U) is energy an object possesses due to its position or state of being

  • Gravitational Potential Energy (U_g) is the energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field

  • Elastic Potential Energy (U_s)

  • Chemical Potential Energy

  • Electric Potential Energy

  • Nuclear Potential Energy

• A single object can have only kinetic energy, as potential energy requires an interaction between objects

Internal Energy

• The internal energy of a system include the kinetic energy of the objects that make up the system and the potential energy of the configuration of the objects that make up the system

• Changes in a system's structure can result in changes in internal energy

Gravitational Potential Energy (U_g)

Conservative Forces

• A force in which the work done on an object is independent of the path taken is known as conservative force

• A force in which the work done moving along a closed path is zero

• A force in which the work done is directly related to a negative change in potential energy (W=-ΔU)

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

• The gravitational force of attraction between any two objects with mass

• 

  

Force from Potential Energy

Summary